The Ambivalence of Socialist Working Women's Heritage: a Case Study of the Jugoplastika Factory.
This article focuses on the segment of socialist modernization connected with the industrial production of plastics, which developed largely as a result of women's achievements, i.e. as the symbiosis of the early socialist culture of competition, (self-)discipline and (self-)correction of human flaw...
| Publicado en: | Croatian Journal of Ethnology & Folklore Research / Narodna Umjetnost Vol. 50; no. 1; pp. 40 - 74 |
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| Autores principales: | , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
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Institute of Ethnology & Folklore Research
2013
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hlh&AN=90725908&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: hlh uiTerm: 90725908 longDbName: Humanities International Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 05472504 3PT2 jtl: Croatian Journal of Ethnology & Folklore Research / Narodna Umjetnost issn: 05472504 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: 2013 vid: 50 iid: 1 pid: 37460 pub: Institute of Ethnology & Folklore Research artinfo: ui: 90725908 ppf: 40 ppct: 34 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P size: 666KB tig: atl: The Ambivalence of Socialist Working Women's Heritage: a Case Study of the Jugoplastika Factory. aug: au: Kirin, Renata Jambrešić Blagaić, Croatia Marina affil: Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Research, Zagreb, Croatia su: Socialism Femininity Tourism Women employees Culture sug: subj: Socialism Femininity Tourism Women employees Culture keyword: Jugoplastika socialist working women women's heritage žensko nasljeđe radnice u socijalizmu ab: This article focuses on the segment of socialist modernization connected with the industrial production of plastics, which developed largely as a result of women's achievements, i.e. as the symbiosis of the early socialist culture of competition, (self-)discipline and (self-)correction of human flaws, and the patriarchal heritage that praised female virtues, such as readiness to sacrifice and to take responsibility for the prosperity of family and community as a whole. As early as the late 1950s, the rivalry between the two collectivist projects -- patriarchal and communist -- that, each in its own way, disciplined, socialized and used the female workforce and reproductive ability, found a common interest in reinstating the discourses of femininity and domesticity. The transition from penury to relative abundance, alongside the beginning of mass production of domestic appliances and consumer goods, synthetic materials and plastics, was accompanied by the passivization of the woman as a political subject and the commodification of her image in the mass media. This ethnographic study of women employed in the Split factory Jugoplastika (1954-1991) and those working in its plant on the Dalmatian island of Šolta (1959-1991) discusses the ambivalent heritage of socialist emancipation. For most women, regular work at the plant fundamentally changed their everyday lives, gender relations within the families, their living standard and the way they perceived their own abilities and competency. Their narratives reveal a selective view and evaluation of their lives in socialism; a lack of critical reflection on their own ideological position within the local and national context, a nostalgic look back at the economic empowerment they experienced and pride in the skill with which they performed their working tasks. These experiences are contrasted with those from the period of dependence on the island's traditional economies (agriculture, fishing, lime production), as well as with the recent focus on natural resources and tourism, based on the reactivation of the traditional way of life, where women have little opportunity for (self-)affirmation. Socijalistički je pravni okvir omogućio poboljšanje pravne, ekonomske i socijalne ravnopravnosti žena što je izmijenilo njihov tradicionalno subordiniran položaj u obitelji i društvu. S druge strane, konflikt revolucionarnih i tradicijskih vrednota generirao je različite antagonizme i kompromise kao i "nizove konfliktnih komplementarnosti" (G. W. Creed) starog i novog sistema, posebice u privatnoj sferi gdje se očuvao patrijarhalni "seksualni ugovor" (C. Pateman) s jasnom podjelom muških i ženskih uloga. Članak se usredotočuje na segment socijalističke modernizacije vezan uz nagli razvoj industrije plastike koja je rasla uglavnom kao rezultat ženskih napora i postignuća, to jest kao simbioza rane socijalističke kulture kompeticije, (samo)discipline i (samo)korekcije ljudskih mana, patrijarhalne baštine koja je cijenila ženske vrline poput spremnosti žrtvovanje (za druge) i preuzimanja odgovornosti za obitelj i zajednicu u cjelini. Već od kraja 1950-ih, rivalstvo dva kolektivistička projekta patrijarhalnog i komunističkog -- koji su, svaki na svoj način, disciplinirali, socijalizirali i koristili žensku radnu i reproduktivnu sposobnost, pronašli su zajednički interes u obnavljanju diskursa ženstvenosti i kućevnosti. Prijelaz iz siromaštva u stanje relativnog blagostanja, praćen počecima masovne proizvodnje kućanskih aparata i potrošnih dobara, sintetičkih materijala i plastike, pratila je pasivizacija žena kao političkih subjekata i komodifikacija njihovih slika u masovnim medijima. Etnografsko istraživanje iskustava žena zaposlenih u Jugoplastici (1954. -- 1991.), a posebice radnica iz Jugoplastikinog pogona na Šolti (1959. -- 1991.), raspravlja o ambivalentnom nasljeđu socijalističke emancipacije. Za većinu žena, stalni posao u tvornici fundamentalno je promijenio njihove svakodnevne života, rodne odnose u obitelji, razinu životnog standarda i način na koji žene prosuđuju svoje sposobnosti i kompetencije. Njihova kazivanja otkrivaju selektivno viđenje života u socijalizmu; nedostatak kritičke refleksije o vlastitoj ideološkoj poziciji unutar lokalnog i nacionalnog konteksta te nostalgiju za vremenom ekonomskog osnaživanja, vremenom radnih uspjeha i ponosa zbog vještina koje su koristile obavljajući radne zadatke. Ta su iskustva supostavljena onima iz razdoblja tradicijske otočne ekonomije (poljoprivreda, ribolov, proizvodnja vapna), kao i onima recentnog oslanjanja na prirodne izvore i turizam koje reaktiviraju tradicijske (patrijarhalne) obrasce života i ženama ne ostavljaju mnogo prostora za (samo)afirmaciju. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: Y custom: Copyright of Croatian Journal of Ethnology & Folklore Research / Narodna Umjetnost is the property of Institute of Ethnology & Folklore Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. item: Croatian Journal of Ethnology & Folklore Research / Narodna Umjetnost holder: Institute of Ethnology & Folklore Research dt: @attributes: year: 2013 holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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