The Efficacy of Cognitive Training Programs in Children and Adolescents.
Background: Cognitive therapies are intended to improve basic cognitive functions, whatever the cause of the deficiency may be. Children and adolescents with various cognitive deficits are treated with behavioral therapeutic and computer-supported training programs. We here report the first meta-ana...
| Publicado en: | Deutsches Ärzteblatt International Vol. 110; no. 39; pp. 643 - 663 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , |
| Formato: | research systematic review tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Deutscher Aerzte-Verlag GmbH
9/27/2013
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=94445509&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 94445509 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 18660452 5F0N jtl: Deutsches Ärzteblatt International issn: 18660452 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: 9/27/2013 vid: 110 iid: 39 pid: 25312 pub: Deutscher Aerzte-Verlag GmbH artinfo: ui: 94445509 94445509 94445509 10.3238/arztebl.2013.0643 94445509 ppf: 643 ppct: 20 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P tig: atl: The Efficacy of Cognitive Training Programs in Children and Adolescents. aug: au: Karch, Dieter Albers, Lucia Renner, Gerolf Lichtenauer, Norbert von Kries, Rüdiger affil: Clinic of Pediatric Neurology and Social Pediatrics, Children Center Maulbronn sug: subj: Rehabilitation, Cognitive Cognitive Therapy Methods Child Health Adolescent Health Treatment Outcomes Behavior Intelligence Academic Performance Psychopathology Human Systematic Review Meta Analysis Medline Embase Psycinfo ERIC Database Descriptive Statistics Confidence Intervals Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Brain Injuries Learning Disorders Child Child, Preschool Adolescence Memory Child: 6-12 years Child, Preschool: 2-5 years Adolescent: 13-18 years ab: Background: Cognitive therapies are intended to improve basic cognitive functions, whatever the cause of the deficiency may be. Children and adolescents with various cognitive deficits are treated with behavioral therapeutic and computer-supported training programs. We here report the first meta-analysis of the efficacy of such programs. Methods: We systematically searched the Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, PSYNDEX, and ERIC databases to find pertinent publications for a meta-analysis of cognitive training programs that are used in children and adolescents to improve attention, memory, and executive performance (primary goals) as well as behavior/psychopathology, intelligence, and school performance (secondary goals). The mean differences between the treatment and control groups are given here as standard deviation (SD) scores. Results: 1661 potentially relevant publications were found, including 22 studies that were considered in the meta-analysis, 17 of which were randomized controlled trials. The target variables were measured with more than 90 different testing techniques. The overall effects of cognitive training on attention (SD 0.18, 95% CI -0.11-0.47) and executive function (SD 0.17, 95% CI -0.12-0.46) were consistently small. A relatively strong effect was found on memory performance (0.65 SD, 95% [-0.12-1.42), albeit with marked heterogeneity (I 2 = 82%) owing to two studies. The largest effect was found in the area of behavior and psychopathology (SD 0.58, 95% CI 0.31-0.85), but this last figure is derived mainly from studies that lacked an active control group. Conclusion: Cognitive therapies for children and adolescents have generally favorable, but probably nonspecific effects on behavior. On the other hand, the specific effects, however, were weak overall. Therapeutic benefit has been demonstrated only for certain individual types of therapy for specific indications. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: meta analysis research systematic review tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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