Managing the Technological Edge: The UNESCO International Computation Centre and the Limits to the Transfer of Computer Technology, 1946-61.
The spread of the modern computer is assumed to have been a smooth process of technology transfer. This view relies on an assessment of the open circulation of knowledge ensured by the US and British governments in the early post-war years. This article presents new historical evidence that question...
| Publicado en: | Annals of Science Vol. 71; no. 3; pp. 410 - 432 |
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| Formato: | Artículo |
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Taylor & Francis Ltd
Jul2014
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hlh&AN=98307865&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: hlh uiTerm: 98307865 longDbName: Humanities International Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 00033790 7J1 jtl: Annals of Science issn: 00033790 maglogo: Y pubinfo: dt: Jul2014 vid: 71 iid: 3 pid: 377 pub: Taylor & Francis Ltd artinfo: ui: 98307865 10.1080/00033790.2013.827075 ppf: 410 ppct: 22 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P size: 178KB tig: atl: Managing the Technological Edge: The UNESCO International Computation Centre and the Limits to the Transfer of Computer Technology, 1946-61. aug: au: Nofre, David affil: Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Centre d'Estudis d'Historia de la Ciencia, Barcelona, Spain su: History of computers Technology transfer UNESCO History of science -- 20th century Europe-United States relations International cooperation in technological innovation sug: subj: History of computers Technology transfer UNESCO History of science -- 20th century Europe-United States relations International cooperation in technological innovation ab: The spread of the modern computer is assumed to have been a smooth process of technology transfer. This view relies on an assessment of the open circulation of knowledge ensured by the US and British governments in the early post-war years. This article presents new historical evidence that question this view. At the centre of the article lies the ill-fated establishment of the UNESCO International Computation Centre. The project was initially conceived in 1946 to provide advanced computation capabilities to scientists of all nations. It soon became a prize sought by Western European countries like the Netherlands and Italy seeking to speed up their own national research programs. Nonetheless, as the article explains, the US government's limitations on the research function of the future centre resulted in the withdrawal of European support for the project. These limitations illustrate the extent to which US foreign science policy could operate as (stealth) industrial policy to secure a competitive technological advantage and the prospects of US manufacturers in a future European market. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: Y custom: Copyright of Annals of Science is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. item: Annals of Science holder: Taylor & Francis Ltd dt: @attributes: year: 2014 holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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