| Sumario: | Aim: Typhoid fever is a serious health problem in tropical and developing countries. Although asymptomatic typhoid carriers show no clinical signs, they can spread infection to others. This study investigated the Toll like receptor 5 ( TLR5) polymorphism and various clinical parameters in typhoid patients and asymptomatic typhoid carriers. Subjects and methods: TLR5 gene was amplified in typhoid patients ( n = 15), asymptomatic carriers ( n = 10) and healthy control subjects ( n = 10) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of TLR5 gene was performed with restriction enzyme (Ddel). Clinical parameters such as total leukocyte, platelets, C-reactive protein (CRP), and adenosine de-aminase (ADA) were estimated. A correlative analysis of TLR5 gene polymorphism and clinical parameters was performed. Results: Typhoid fever patients had significantly ( p < 0.05) reduced total leukocyte and platelet counts when compared to asymptomatic carriers and control subjects. Typhoid patients showed significantly ( p < 0.05) reduced ADA activity, while elevated CRP level when compared to carriers and controls. TLR5 gene was amplified in all individuals, but only two typhoid patients showed TLR5 gene polymorphism ( TLR5). There was no significant correlation between TLR5 gene polymorphism and clinical parameters studied in typhoid patients. Conclusion: The TLR5 gene polymorphism seems to be not associated with susceptibility to typhoid fever.
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