Writing Forces Associated With Four Pencil Grasp Patterns in Grade 4 Children.

OBJECTIVE. We investigated differences in handwriting kinetics, speed, and legibility among four pencil grasps after a 10-min copy task. METHOD. Seventy-four Grade 4 students completed a handwriting assessment before and after a copy task. Grip and axial forces were measured with an instrumented sty...

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Publicado en:American Journal of Occupational Therapy Vol. 67; no. 2; pp. 218 - 228
Autores principales: Schwellnus, Heidi, Carnahan, Heather, Kushki, Azadeh, Polatajko, Helene, Missiuna, Cheryl, Chau, Tom
Formato: pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: American Occupational Therapy Association Mar/Apr2013
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Mar/Apr2013
      vid: 67
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      pub: American Occupational Therapy Association
      place: North Bethesda, Maryland
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        atl: Writing Forces Associated With Four Pencil Grasp Patterns in Grade 4 Children.
      aug:
        au:
          Schwellnus, Heidi
          Carnahan, Heather
          Kushki, Azadeh
          Polatajko, Helene
          Missiuna, Cheryl
          Chau, Tom
        affil: Postdoctoral Fellow in Cerebral Palsy, Bloorview Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario
      sug:
        subj:
          Students, Elementary
          Handwriting
          Kinetics
          Task Performance and Analysis
          Grip Strength
          Human
          Child
          Scales
          Random Sample
          Interrater Reliability
          Descriptive Statistics
          Data Analysis Software
          P-Value
          Multiple Linear Regression
          Funding Source
          Child: 6-12 years
      ab: OBJECTIVE. We investigated differences in handwriting kinetics, speed, and legibility among four pencil grasps after a 10-min copy task. METHOD. Seventy-four Grade 4 students completed a handwriting assessment before and after a copy task. Grip and axial forces were measured with an instrumented stylus and force-sensitive tablet. We used multiple linear regression to analyze the relationship between grasp pattern and grip and axial forces. RESULTS. We found no kinetic differences among grasps, whether considered individually or grouped by the number of fingers on the barrel. However, when grasps were grouped according to the thumb position, the adducted grasps exhibited higher mean grip and axial forces. CONCLUSION. Grip forces were generally similar across the different grasps. Kinetic differences resulting from thumb position seemed to have no bearing on speed and legibility. Interventions for handwriting difficulties should focus more on speed and letter formation than on grasp pattern.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        pictorial
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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