Experimenting on Contextualism: Between-Subjects vs. Within-Subjects.
According to contextualism, vast majority of natural-language expressions are context-sensitive. When testing whether this claim is reflected in Folk intuitions, some interesting methodological questions were raised such as: which experimental design is more appropriate for testing contextualism - t...
| Published in: | Teorema Vol. 36; no. 3; pp. 139 - 163 |
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| Format: | Article |
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Teorema
2017
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hlh&AN=125478037&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: hlh uiTerm: 125478037 longDbName: Humanities International Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 02101602 IHG jtl: Teorema issn: 02101602 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: 2017 vid: 36 iid: 3 pid: 20677 pub: Teorema artinfo: ui: 125478037 ppf: 139 ppct: 24 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P size: 3.4MB tig: atl: Experimenting on Contextualism: Between-Subjects vs. Within-Subjects. aug: au: Ziółkowski, Adrian Andrzej affil: Institute of Philosophy University of Warsaw Krakowskie Przedmieście 3, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland su: Contextualism (Philosophy) Subject (Philosophy) Experimental philosophy Experimental design Intuition Philosophy of language sug: subj: Contextualism (Philosophy) Subject (Philosophy) Experimental philosophy Experimental design Intuition Philosophy of language keyword: Between-Subjects Contextualism Experimental Design Experimental Philosophy Invariantism Methodology Within-Subjects contexstualismo entre-sujetos filosofía experimental intra-sujetos invariantismo metodología modelo experimental ab: According to contextualism, vast majority of natural-language expressions are context-sensitive. When testing whether this claim is reflected in Folk intuitions, some interesting methodological questions were raised such as: which experimental design is more appropriate for testing contextualism - the within- or the between-subject design? The main thesis of this paper is that the between-subject design should be preferred. The first experiment aims at assessing the difference between the results obtained for within-subjects measurements (where all participants assess all contexts) and between-subject measurements (where respondents evaluating different contexts are distinct groups). It is shown that the within-subject design provides data that seems to support contextualism. However, I present an alternative, invariantist interpretation of these results, therefore showing that the within-subject design does not allow to empirically distinguish between contextualism and invariantism. The second experiment further elaborates the issue of how perceiving the contrast between contexts can affect subjects' judgments - I show that certain kinds of contexts may elicit opposite intuitions when contrasted with different contexts. Según el contextualismo, la gran mayoria de las expressiones del lenguaje natural son sensibles al contexto. Verificar si esta alegación se refleja o no en las intuiciones de la gente común, suscita algunas interesantes cuestiones metodológicas como, por ejemplo: ¿qué diseño experimental es más apropriado para poner a prueba el contextualismo, el intrasujetos, o el correspondiente entre-sujetos? La tesis central de este artículo es que debería preferirse el modelo entre-sujetos. El primer experimento aspira a evaluar la diferencia entre los resultados conseguidos para las mediciones intra-sujetos (donde todos los partecipantes evalúan todos los contextos), y para las mediciones entre-sujetos (donde los encuestados que evalúan diferentes contextos son divididos en grupos diferentes). Se muestra que el modelo intrasujetos proporciona datos que parecen respaldar el contextualismo. Sin embargo, presento una interpretación alternativa y invariantista de estos resultados, mostrando con ello que el modelo intra-subjetos no permite distinguir entre contextualismo e invariantismo. El segundo experimento elabora adicionalmente la cuestión de cómo la percepción del contraste entre los contextos puede afectar a los juicios de los sujetos. Muestro que algunos tipos de contextos pueden provocar intuiciónes opuestas cuando se contrastan con diferentes contextos. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: Y custom: Copyright of Teorema is the property of Teorema and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. item: Teorema holder: Teorema dt: @attributes: year: 2017 holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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