CO2 emissions and militarization in G7 countries: panel cointegration and trivariate causality approaches.
This paper aims to test the relation among militarization, CO2 emissions, economic growth and energy consumption in G7 countries from 1985 to 2015 via panel methods. Long- and short-run coefficients and the causal relationship between the variables are important for G7 countries' energy policies and...
| Publicado en: | Environment & Development Economics Vol. 22; no. 6; pp. 771 - 792 |
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| Autores principales: | , , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
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Cambridge University Press
Dec2017
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=126197004&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 126197004 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 1355770X FZP jtl: Environment & Development Economics issn: 1355770X maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Dec2017 vid: 22 iid: 6 pid: 15979 pub: Cambridge University Press artinfo: ui: 126197004 10.1017/S1355770X1700016X ppf: 771 ppct: 21 formats: tig: atl: CO2 emissions and militarization in G7 countries: panel cointegration and trivariate causality approaches. aug: au: Halkos, George Managi, Shunsuke Bildirici, Melike affil: Yildiz Technical University, FEAS, Department of Economics, Davutpaşa Campus, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey. su: Energy consumption Economic development Energy policy Carbon dioxide & the environment Cointegration sug: subj: Energy consumption Economic development Energy policy Industrial Gas Manufacturing Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities Carbon dioxide & the environment Cointegration ab: This paper aims to test the relation among militarization, CO2 emissions, economic growth and energy consumption in G7 countries from 1985 to 2015 via panel methods. Long- and short-run coefficients and the causal relationship between the variables are important for G7 countries' energy policies and strategy. Cointegration among CO2 emissions, militarization, energy consumption and economic growth was determined by using panel Johansen and panel autoregressive distributed lag (PARDL) methods. Further, the panel trivariate causality test was applied and unidirectional causalities from militarization to CO2 emissions and from energy consumption to CO2 emissions were found. The evidence of bidirectional causality between per capita GDP and militarization, between per capita GDP and energy consumption, and between energy consumption and militarization was determined. The paper recommends that environmental and energy policies must recognize the differences in the relation between militarization, energy consumption and economic growth in order to maintain sustainable economic growth in the G7 countries. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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