Time-on-task effects in children with and without ADHD: depletion of executive resources or depletion of motivation?
Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are characterized by deficits in their executive functioning and motivation. In addition, these children are characterized by a decline in performance as time-on-task increases (i.e., time-on-task effects). However, it is unknown whether...
| Publicado en: | European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Vol. 26; no. 12; pp. 1471 - 1482 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
| Formato: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Springer Nature
Dec2017
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=126406034&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 126406034 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 10188827 EJ3 jtl: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry issn: 10188827 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Dec2017 vid: 26 iid: 12 pid: 237 pub: Springer Nature place: New York, New York artinfo: ui: 126406034 126406034 143978964 126406034 10.1007/s00787-017-1006-y 126406034 ppf: 1471 ppct: 11 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Time-on-task effects in children with and without ADHD: depletion of executive resources or depletion of motivation? aug: au: Dekkers, Tycho Agelink van Rentergem, Joost Koole, Alette Wildenberg, Wery Popma, Arne Bexkens, Anika Stoffelsen, Reino Diekmann, Anouk Huizenga, Hilde affil: Department of Psychology , University of Amsterdam , Nieuwe Achtergracht 129B 1018 WS Amsterdam The Netherlands sug: subj: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder In Infancy and Childhood Executive Function Evaluation Motivation Evaluation Task Performance and Analysis Methods Time Factors Reinforcement (Psychology) Human Sample Size Child Adolescence Reaction Time Control Group Child: 6-12 years Adolescent: 13-18 years ab: Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are characterized by deficits in their executive functioning and motivation. In addition, these children are characterized by a decline in performance as time-on-task increases (i.e., time-on-task effects). However, it is unknown whether these time-on-task effects should be attributed to deficits in executive functioning or to deficits in motivation. Some studies in typically developing (TD) adults indicated that time-on-task effects should be interpreted as depletion of executive resources, but other studies suggested that they represent depletion of motivation. We, therefore, investigated, in children with and without ADHD, whether there were time-on-task effects on executive functions, such as inhibition and (in)attention, and whether these were best explained by depletion of executive resources or depletion of motivation. The stop-signal task (SST), which generates both indices of inhibition (stop-signal reaction time) and attention (reaction time variability and errors), was administered in 96 children (42 ADHD, 54 TD controls; aged 9-13). To differentiate between depletion of resources and depletion of motivation, the SST was administered twice. Half of the participants was reinforced during second task performance, potentially counteracting depletion of motivation. Multilevel analyses indicated that children with ADHD were more affected by time-on-task than controls on two measures of inattention, but not on inhibition. In the ADHD group, reinforcement only improved performance on one index of attention (i.e., reaction time variability). The current findings suggest that time-on-task effects in children with ADHD occur specifically in the attentional domain, and seem to originate in both depletion of executive resources and depletion of motivation. Clinical implications for diagnostics, psycho-education, and intervention are discussed. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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