| Summary: | Background: Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Visual Skill Deficits (VSD) and retained primitive reflexes in children ages 6-14. Method: The data was collected through retroactive chart reviews of one hundred and thirty-five (N=135) participants ages 6-14, who were evaluated at a private behavioral optometric practice near Cleveland, Ohio. Chi Square and Logistic Regression analyses were applied to the participants' recorded scores from the New York State Optometric Association King-Devick (NYSOA K-D) test, the Gardner Reversals Frequency test, the Motor Speed and Precision test, The Test of Visual Perceptual Skills-Revised (TVPS-R), the Rapid Automatized Naming (RAN) test, and the Draw-a-Person test, as well as the Institute of Neuro-Physiological Psychology (INPP) screening form for the Moro Reflex (MR), Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex (TLR), Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR), Spinal Galant Reflex (SGR), and Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR). Results: The Chi Square analyses indicated that there are statistically significant relationships between VSD and three of the five primitive reflexes observed: TLR (p=0.007), ATNR (p=0.020), STNR (p=0.012). Furthermore, scores taken from the Draw-a-Person Test and the Motor Speed and Precision Test also suggest relationships with primitive reflex retention and VSD. Logistic Regression analysis suggested that the Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex is a potential predictor of VSD; the Motor Speed and Precision Test and Gardner Reversals Frequency Test can potentially be used to predict Neuro-Sensory Motor immaturity. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between retained primitive reflexes and vision skill deficits in the children, ages 6-14, who participated in this study.
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