Preliminary evidence for reduced adipose tissue inflammation in vegetarians compared with omnivores.
Background: There are links between obesity and inflammation that may relate activation of pro-inflammatory pathways by dietary factors. Because dietary fat intake of vegetarians is thought to be more beneficial than that of omnivores, we hypothesized that obese vegetarians would have less adipose t...
| Published in: | Nutrition Journal Vol. 18; no. 1 |
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| Main Authors: | , |
| Format: | research Journal Article |
| Published: |
BioMed Central
8/12/2019
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=138029310&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 138029310 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 14752891 1CYY jtl: Nutrition Journal issn: 14752891 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: 8/12/2019 vid: 18 iid: 1 pid: 24147 pub: BioMed Central artinfo: ui: 138029310 138029310 NLM31405384 138029310 10.1186/s12937-019-0470-2 NLM31405384 138029310 ppct: 1 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Preliminary evidence for reduced adipose tissue inflammation in vegetarians compared with omnivores. aug: au: Morgan-Bathke, Maria E. Jensen, Michael D. affil: Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rm 5-194 Joseph, 55905, Rochester, MN, USA sug: subj: Adipose Tissue Physiopathology Diet Methods Obesity Physiopathology Inflammation Physiopathology Mass Spectrometry Obesity Metabolism Lipids Metabolism Vegetarianism Methods Adult Prospective Studies Female Dietary Fats Blood Human Male Diet Adverse Effects Chromatography, Liquid Fatty Acids Blood Validation Studies Comparative Studies Evaluation Research Multicenter Studies Questionnaires Adult: 19-44 years Female Male ab: Background: There are links between obesity and inflammation that may relate activation of pro-inflammatory pathways by dietary factors. Because dietary fat intake of vegetarians is thought to be more beneficial than that of omnivores, we hypothesized that obese vegetarians would have less adipose tissue inflammation and lower intramyocellular ceramide concentrations than equally obese omnivores.Methods: Eight obese vegetarian (1 male) and 8 obese omnivore volunteers (1 male) completed a Food Frequency Questionnaire, underwent body composition measures, subcutaneous adipose tissue and muscle biopsies. We used immunohistochemistry to measure adipose macrophage (ATM) and senescent cells. Plasma free fatty acid (FFA), adipose FA and muscle ceramide profiles were measured using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Student t tests were used for the comparison of primary outcomes; univariate regression analysis was used to test for associations between dietary patterns and ATMs (secondary analysis).Results: There were no differences in age (38 ± 8 vs. 39 ± 8 years), BMI (32.2 ± 2.6 vs. 33.3 ± 1.9 kg/m2) or percent body fat (44 ± 8 vs. 45 ± 4) between the vegetarians and omnivores. Vegetarians consumed 42% (P = 0.02) less saturated fat and 50% (P = 0.04) less cholesterol than the omnivores. Plasma FFA of vegetarians had lesser proportions of palmitic acid (24 ± 3 vs. 29 ± 4%, P = 0.02) and vegetarians had fewer femoral pro-inflammatory ATMs than omnivores (3.6 ± 2.8 vs. 7.9 ± 4.4 per 100 adipocytes, respectively; P = 0.02). Omnivores had 50% greater (P = 0.01) expression of TNF mRNA in abdominal fat. We found no significant between group differences in muscle ceramide concentrations.Conclusions: Although the sample size is small, these results may indicate that dietary patterns play a role in adipose tissue inflammation, as reflected by reduced number of femoral ATMs in obese vegetarians than obese omnivores. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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