Effect of Mild Physiologic Hyperglycemia on Insulin Secretion, Insulin Clearance, and Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Glucose-Tolerant Subjects.
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of sustained physiologic increase of ∼50 mg/dL in plasma glucose concentration on insulin secretion in normal glucose-tolerant (NGT) subjects. Twelve NGT subjects without family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM; FH-) and 8 NGT with fam...
| Published in: | Diabetes Vol. 70; no. 1; pp. 204 - 214 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
| Format: | research Journal Article |
| Published: |
American Diabetes Association
Jan2021
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=147713016&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 147713016 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 00121797 1G6 jtl: Diabetes issn: 00121797 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Jan2021 vid: 70 iid: 1 pid: 1367 pub: American Diabetes Association place: Arlington, Virginia artinfo: ui: 147713016 147713016 NLM33033064 147713016 10.2337/db20-0039 NLM33033064 147713016 ppf: 204 ppct: 10 formats: tig: atl: Effect of Mild Physiologic Hyperglycemia on Insulin Secretion, Insulin Clearance, and Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Glucose-Tolerant Subjects. aug: au: Merovci, Aurora Tripathy, Devjit Chen, Xi Valdez, Ivan Abdul-Ghani, Muhammad Solis-Herrera, Carolina Gastaldelli, Amalia DeFronzo, Ralph A. affil: Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX sug: subj: Hyperglycemia Metabolism Insulin Resistance Insulin Metabolism Blood Glucose Metabolism Research Subjects Middle Age Glucose Clamp Technique Adult Hyperglycemia Blood Female Male Human Glucose Tolerance Test Comparative Studies Multicenter Studies Evaluation Research Validation Studies Middle Aged: 45-64 years Adult: 19-44 years Female Male ab: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of sustained physiologic increase of ∼50 mg/dL in plasma glucose concentration on insulin secretion in normal glucose-tolerant (NGT) subjects. Twelve NGT subjects without family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM; FH-) and 8 NGT with family history of T2DM (FH+) received an oral glucose tolerance test and two-step hyperglycemic clamp (100 and 300 mg/dL) followed by intravenous arginine bolus before and after 72-h glucose infusion. Fasting plasma glucose increased from 94 ± 2 to 142 ± 4 mg/dL for 72 h. First-phase insulin secretion (0-10 min) increased by 70%, while second-phase insulin secretion during the first (10-80 min) and second (90-160 min) hyperglycemic clamp steps increased by 3.8-fold and 1.9-fold, respectively, following 72 h of physiologic hyperglycemia. Insulin sensitivity during hyperglycemic clamp declined by ∼30% and ∼55% (both P < 0.05), respectively, during the first and second hyperglycemic clamp steps. Insulin secretion/insulin resistance (disposition) index declined by 60% (second clamp step) and by 62% following arginine (both P < 0.005) following 72-h glucose infusion. The effect of 72-h glucose infusion on insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity was similar in subjects with and without FH of T2DM. Following 72 h of physiologic hyperglycemia, metabolic clearance rate of insulin was markedly reduced (P < 0.01). These results demonstrate that sustained physiologic hyperglycemia for 72 h 1) increases absolute insulin secretion but impairs β-cell function, 2) causes insulin resistance, and 3) reduces metabolic clearance rate of insulin. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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