Alterations in neurodevelopment in children under 5 years of age in two states of the Mexican Republic.

There are more than 1 billion people with disabilities worldwide, with 16% of children having some type of neurodevelopmental disorder (ND). In Mexico, 6% of the population presented some disability; however, there is a lack of data on ND in children under 5 years of age. Objective: The objective of...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:	Revista Mexicana de Neurociencia Vol. 23; no. 5; pp. 165 - 171
Autores principales:	Ricardo-Garcell, Josefina, Guadarrama-Celaya, Francia, Otero-Ojeda, Gloria A., Rodríguez-Valdés, René F., Aguilar-Fabré, Liane, Hernández-Vázquez, Hebert L., García-Solís, Pablo, Solís-S, Juan C., García, Carlota, Ávila-Morales, Javier, Hernández-Montiel, Hebert L.
Formato:	Artículo
Publicado:	Academia Mexicana de Neurologia Sep/Oct2022
Materias:	People with disabilities Neurological disorders Psychomotor disorders Neurodevelopmental treatment Sensory disorders Mexico
Acceso en línea:	Ver este registro en EBSCOhost

Descripción
Sumario:	There are more than 1 billion people with disabilities worldwide, with 16% of children having some type of neurodevelopmental disorder (ND). In Mexico, 6% of the population presented some disability; however, there is a lack of data on ND in children under 5 years of age. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of neurodevelopmental alterations in children under 5 years of age in urban, suburban, and rural populations from two states of Mexico. Methods: This was an observational and cross-sectional design study. We included 501 clinically healthy children from 0 to 60 months of age, from urban, suburban, and rural populations from the state of Queretaro (201) and from the State of Mexico (300). Neurodevelopmental alterations were detected through the electronic N-PED system, exploring areas of neurological development of language, psychomotor, and sensory (auditory and visual). The positive subjects were clinically assessed to confirm the diagnosis. Results: A 14.7% prevalence of ND was found, with a significant difference between Queretaro (8.9%) and the State of Mexico (18.7%). Language alterations were significantly different for both states (4.9% and 16% for Queretaro and the State of Mexico, respectively). Conclusions: The prevalence of ND and language alterations presented significant differences between the two evaluated states. Hay más de mil millones de personas con discapacidad en todo el mundo, el 16% de los niños tiene algún tipo de trastorno del desarrollo neurológico (DN). En México, 6% de la población presenta alguna discapacidad; sin embargo, faltan datos en niños menores de 5 años. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de alteraciones del neurodesarrollo en menores de 5 años, en poblaciones urbanas, suburbanas y rurales, de 2 estados de México. Métodos: Estudio observacional, de diseño transversal. Se incluyeron 501 niños, clínicamente sanos, de 0 a 60 meses de edad, de poblaciones urbanas, suburbanas y rurales de Querétaro (201) y del Estado de México (300). Se detectaron alteraciones del neurodesarrollo a través del sistema electrónico N-PED, explorando áreas del lenguaje, psicomotor y sensorial (auditivo y visual). Los sujetos positivos fueron evaluados clínicamente para confirmar el diagnóstico. Resultados: Se encontró una prevalencia de trastornos del DN de 14.7%, con una diferencia significativa entre Querétaro (8.9%) y el Estado de México (18.7%). Las alteraciones del lenguaje fueron significativamente diferentes para ambos estados (4.9% y 16% para Querétaro y el Estado de México, respectivamente). Conclusiones: La prevalencia de trastornos del DN y del lenguaje, presentaron diferencias significativas entre los dos estados evaluados.