How Hearing Loss and Cochlear Implantation Affect Verbal Working Memory: Evidence From Adolescents.
Purpose: Verbal working memory is poorer for children with hearing loss than for peers with normal hearing (NH), even with cochlear implantation and early intervention. Poor verbal working memory can affect academic performance, especially in higher grades, making this deficit a significant problem....
| Published in: | Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research Vol. 67; no. 6; pp. 1850 - 1868 |
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| Format: | Article |
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American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
Jun2024
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=177761742&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 177761742 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 10924388 1SM jtl: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research issn: 10924388 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Jun2024 vid: 67 iid: 6 pid: 42 pub: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association artinfo: ui: 177761742 10.1044/2024_JSLHR-23-00446 ppf: 1850 ppct: 18 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P size: 2.4MB tig: atl: How Hearing Loss and Cochlear Implantation Affect Verbal Working Memory: Evidence From Adolescents. aug: au: Nittrouer, Susan affil: Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville. su: Executive function Memory Child development Analysis of variance Social classes Adolescence Children Treatment of hearing disorders Cochlear implants T-test (Statistics) Research funding Phonological awareness Experimental design Hearing disorders Learning strategies Auditory perception Acoustic stimulation sug: subj: Executive function Memory Child development Analysis of variance Social classes Adolescence Children Treatment of hearing disorders Cochlear implants T-test (Statistics) Research funding Phonological awareness Experimental design Hearing disorders Learning strategies Auditory perception Acoustic stimulation ab: Purpose: Verbal working memory is poorer for children with hearing loss than for peers with normal hearing (NH), even with cochlear implantation and early intervention. Poor verbal working memory can affect academic performance, especially in higher grades, making this deficit a significant problem. This study examined the stability of verbal working memory across middle childhood, tested working memory in adolescents with NH or cochlear implants (CIs), explored whether signal enhancement can improve verbal working memory, and tested two hypotheses proposed to explain the poor verbal working memory of children with hearing loss: (a) Diminished auditory experience directly affects executive functions, including working memory; (b) degraded auditory inputs inhibit children’s abilities to recover the phonological structure needed for encoding verbal material into storage. Design: Fourteen-year-olds served as subjects: 55 with NH; 52 with CIs. Immediate serial recall tasks were used to assess working memory. Stimuli consisted of nonverbal, spatial stimuli and four kinds of verbal, acoustic stimuli: nonrhyming and rhyming words, and nonrhyming words with two kinds of signal enhancement: audiovisual and indexical. Analyses examined (a) stability of verbal working memory across middle childhood, (b) differences in verbal and nonverbal working memory, (c) effects of signal enhancement on recall, (d) phonological processing abilities, and (e) source of the diminished verbal working memory in adolescents with cochlear implants. Results: Verbal working memory remained stable across middle childhood. Adolescents across groups performed similarly for nonverbal stimuli, but those with CIs displayed poorer recall accuracy for verbal stimuli; signal enhancement did not improve recall. Poor phonological sensitivity largely accounted for the group effect. Conclusions: The central executive for working memory is not affected by hearing loss or cochlear implantation. Instead, the phonological deficit faced by adolescents with CIs denigrates the representation in storage and augmenting the signal does not help. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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