| Sumario: | Aim: To evaluate the effects of outdoor air pollutants, including inhalable particulate matter (PM, PM), sulfur dioxide (SO), nitrogen dioxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O), on neonatal preterm birth in Baoji city. Subject and methods: From January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019, data were collected from pregnant women and perinatal infants delivered at Baoji People's Hospital and Baoji Central Hospital. Pollution data were collected from the eight environmental monitoring stations in Baoji's real-time environmental quality monitoring system. Pregnant women's exposure level during pregnancy was assessed by matching the level of pollutants to the nearest monitoring station to the pregnant woman's address while pregnant. Finally, individual pollutant exposure levels at different trimesters based on the mothers' last menstrual period and delivery date were investigated to analyze the effects of different pollutant exposure levels at early, middle, and late pregnancy, and the whole pregnancy on newborn preterm birth by logistic regression models. Results: After adjusting for confounders, mid-trimester O was the main factor that increased the occurrence of preterm birth (OR: 1.005, 95% CI: 1.002–1.008). Conclusion: Middle-pregnancy O is a major factor in increasing the occurrence of preterm labor, and there may be a synergistic effect between multiple pollutants.
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