Multimodal Effort Profiles and Children's Performance: Cognitive, Physiological and Physical Dimensions.

Background: Effort measurement is essential for adaptation to interactive learning technologies. Most contemporary technologies measure effort through the log data (reaction time and correctness). Some adaptive technologies use facial expressions and attention to adapt. Objectives: We present a nove...

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Publicado en:Journal of Computer Assisted Learning Vol. 41; no. 3; pp. 1 - 28
Autores principales: Sharma, Kshitij, Lee‐Cultura, Serena, Papavlasopoulou, Sofia, Giannakos, Michail
Formato: pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Wiley-Blackwell Jun2025
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Jun2025
      vid: 41
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      pub: Wiley-Blackwell
      place: Malden, Massachusetts
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        10.1111/jcal.70033
        185452175
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        atl: Multimodal Effort Profiles and Children's Performance: Cognitive, Physiological and Physical Dimensions.
      aug:
        au:
          Sharma, Kshitij
          Lee‐Cultura, Serena
          Papavlasopoulou, Sofia
          Giannakos, Michail
        affil: Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
      sug:
        subj:
          Educational Technology
          Learning
          Child Behavior
          Cognition
          Adaptation, Physiological
          User-Computer Interface
          Human
          Male
          Female
          Child
          One-Way Analysis of Variance
          Post Hoc Analysis
          Descriptive Statistics
          Data Analysis Software
          Comparative Studies
          Eye Movement Measurements
          Heart Rate
          Motion Capture
          Stress, Psychological
          Fatigue
          Learning Methods
          Student Performance Appraisal
          Child: 6-12 years
          Male
          Female
      ab: Background: Effort measurement is essential for adaptation to interactive learning technologies. Most contemporary technologies measure effort through the log data (reaction time and correctness). Some adaptive technologies use facial expressions and attention to adapt. Objectives: We present a novel, complementary, and multimodal definition of effort that can be used to adapt not only the content but also the interaction in learning technologies for children. Methods: We propose a 3D view of an effort measurement, that is, cognitive, physiological, and physical. We use eye‐tracking, heart rate monitoring, and motion tracking to define these three dimensions. We then apply this measurement within two motion‐based educational games and show how this 3D effort varies across the different phases of the educational games and children's performance. Results and Conclusions: The results show an interaction effect of the phase and performance on each of the three effort dimensions. We discuss how these results can inspire the design of multi‐sensory adaptive learning systems for children.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        pictorial
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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