Middle School Students' In‐Moment Engagement in Synchronous Online Learning: An Activity–Community of Inquiry Approach.

Background: Amidst the increasing application of online education in the post‐COVID era, new challenges in student engagement have emerged. However, most studies on online engagement have adopted macro‐level approaches and relied on self‐report measures of retrospective engagement. Few have examined...

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Publicado en:Journal of Computer Assisted Learning Vol. 41; no. 4; pp. 1 - 20
Autores principales: Cui, Zhihao, Ng, Oi‐Lam, Jong, Morris Siu‐yung, Weng, Xiaojing
Formato: pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Wiley-Blackwell Aug2025
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Aug2025
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        atl: Middle School Students' In‐Moment Engagement in Synchronous Online Learning: An Activity–Community of Inquiry Approach.
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          Cui, Zhihao
          Ng, Oi‐Lam
          Jong, Morris Siu‐yung
          Weng, Xiaojing
        affil: Department of Curriculum and Instruction, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong
      sug:
        subj:
          Students, Middle School Psychosocial Factors
          Learning Methods
          Online Education
          Student Attitudes
          Communities Psychosocial Factors
          Computer-Assisted Instruction
          Human
          Funding Source
          Male
          Female
          Child
          Adolescence
          Hong Kong
          Correlational Studies
          Videorecording
          Qualitative Studies
          Thematic Analysis
          Conceptual Framework
          Descriptive Statistics
          Child: 6-12 years
          Adolescent: 13-18 years
          Male
          Female
      ab: Background: Amidst the increasing application of online education in the post‐COVID era, new challenges in student engagement have emerged. However, most studies on online engagement have adopted macro‐level approaches and relied on self‐report measures of retrospective engagement. Few have examined micro‐level engagement in terms of real‐time and in‐the‐moment engagement in synchronous online learning environments underpinned by robust theoretical frameworks. Objectives: This study presents a qualitative examination of the relationship between various technology‐supported online teaching and learning (T&L) activities and middle school students' in‐moment engagement by constructing a framework based on Community of Inquiry and Activity Theory. Methods: Sixty‐two middle school students participated in this synchronous online course. We collected data from multiple sources, including video and screen recordings of the lessons, students' performances, the digital artefacts students created, log data from Zoom's chat room and students' interactions over an online platform, Desmos. A thematic analysis was employed after identifying the mediated actions as units of analysis and indicators based on three dimensions (behaviour, cognitive and emotional) of engagement. Results: The results indicated that students' in‐moment engagement in online T&L activities was most prevalent during activities that stimulated cognitive presence, followed by those engendering social presence. We also highlight the influence of different tools and technologies through the lens of the Activity–Community of Inquiry framework. Implications: The study contributes theoretical and methodological insights into understanding students' engagement in synchronous online environments, and into future research and instructional design in technology‐supported teaching and learning in an online context.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
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        research
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      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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