| Sumario: | Objective: This study examined the relationship between physical frailty and the Composite Cognitive Impairment Index (CII) because physical frailty is a significant risk factor for cognitive impairment. Methods: The present study utilized data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) Wave 1 and included 55,199 (24,004 males and 31,115 females) individuals aged 45 years and above. Physical frailty and cognitive impairment were defined using the Modified Fried Frailty Phenotype Criteria and the Composite Cognitive Impairment Index (CII), respectively. Results: The prevalence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment was 15.1% and 10.7%, respectively. Physically frail males and females had 1.72- and 1.60-times higher likelihoods of developing cognitive impairment, respectively (p < 0.001). Discussion: Physical frailty was significantly associated with cognitive impairment. Of all the five components of physical frailty, weak hand grip strength posed the greatest risk to cognitive impairment. Incorporating exercises to enhance muscle strength and mass is crucial for mitigating cognitive decline with age.
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