Developing and Integrating Metaverse Into EFL Listening Skills to Increase Learners' Self‐Determination Based on Social Constructivist Theory.

Background: This mixed‐method, controlled quasi‐experimental study aimed to examine the effects of metaverse‐based English as a foreign language (EFL) instruction on high school students' listening skills and self‐determination levels. The lessons, which were designed based on social constructivist...

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Publicado en:Journal of Computer Assisted Learning Vol. 41; no. 6; pp. 1 - 25
Autores principales: Çelik, Ferdi, Ersanlı, Ceylan Yangın
Formato: pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Wiley-Blackwell Dec2025
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Dec2025
      vid: 41
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      pub: Wiley-Blackwell
      place: Malden, Massachusetts
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        189524210
        10.1111/jcal.70151
        189524210
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        atl: Developing and Integrating Metaverse Into EFL Listening Skills to Increase Learners' Self‐Determination Based on Social Constructivist Theory.
      aug:
        au:
          Çelik, Ferdi
          Ersanlı, Ceylan Yangın
        affil: English Language Education, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Türkiye
      sug:
        subj:
          English as a Second Language Education
          Listening Education
          Virtual Reality Methods
          Self Concept
          Sociological Theory
          Human
          Quasi-Experimental Studies
          Multimethod Studies
          Coefficient alpha
          Pretest-Posttest Design
          T-Tests
          Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test
          Mann-Whitney U Test
          Data Analysis Software
          Summated Rating Scaling
          Learning Methods
          English Language
          Scales
          Questionnaires
          Funding Source
      ab: Background: This mixed‐method, controlled quasi‐experimental study aimed to examine the effects of metaverse‐based English as a foreign language (EFL) instruction on high school students' listening skills and self‐determination levels. The lessons, which were designed based on social constructivist theory, were implemented for a total of 8 weeks and 16 lessons, 2 h per week. The main problem investigated is how the metaverse can be utilised to overcome the lack of motivation and engagement in EFL learning, especially in the development of listening skills. Objectives: The objective was to determine whether metaverse listening lessons based on social constructivist theory could significantly enhance students' listening scores and self‐determination levels compared to regular classroom settings. Methods: A total of 106 Turkish high school students (experimental = 53 and control = 53) were observed for 8 weeks. Lessons were conducted in researcher‐designed metaverse environments for the experimental group and in regular classrooms for the control group. Data were collected through a standardised listening test adapted to measure listening achievement, the self‐determination scale adapted into Turkish and validated, weekly reflective forms and a checklist developed by the researchers. Quantitative data were analysed using frequentist methods in SPSS 27, while qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis and content analysis in MAXQDA 24. Results: The findings revealed that metaverse listening lessons based on social constructivist theory led to significant increases in students' listening scores and self‐determination levels. Students reported higher motivation and confidence as metaverse lessons provided authentic contexts, increased engagement through socially interactive tasks and made the learning process enjoyable. However, it was observed that the metaverse environment posed some limitations in terms of technical infrastructure (internet speed and device quality) and cognitive load, for which suggestions were offered to overcome these problems. Conclusions: The study presents practical recommendations for policymakers, teachers and researchers, and supports the integration of metaverse‐based instruction to enhance listening skills and self‐determination among high school students.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        pictorial
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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