| Sumario: | Objective: To understand how nurses specializing in neonatology and pediatrics working in southern Brazil understand the skills required for care and their training. Method: Qualitative study conducted in two stages: 1) documentary research; 2) interviews with graduates of lato sensu postgraduate courses in child health. The study was conducted between September and December 2024, involving 45 specialist nurses. Qualitative data were collected through interviews with open-ended questions sent via Google Forms via email links, social networks, interest groups, and referrals from fellow specialists--analyzed using descriptive and content statistics. Results: Among 600 courses in Brazil, 108 are in the southern region, with 21 eligible, nine in remote mode, two in person, and 10 without information. Of the 45 respondents, 37 took specialization courses, and eight took residency courses. Two analytical categories emerged: competencies of nurses specializing in neonatal, child, and adolescent health, and reflections on training courses for specialists in neonatal and pediatric nursing. Conclusion: In the opinion of specialists, remote learning is not sufficient for training focused on care based on essential competencies.
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