Less Is More: Local Focus in Continuous Time Causal Learning.

In this study, we investigated human causal learning in a continuous time and space setting. We find participants to be capable active causal structure learners, and with the help of computational modeling explore how they mitigate the complexity of continuous dynamics data to achieve this. We propo...

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Publicado en:Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory & Cognition Vol. 52; no. 1; pp. 55 - 81
Autores principales: Btesh, Victor, Bramley, Neil R., Speekenbrink, Maarten, Lagnado, David A.
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: American Psychological Association Jan2026
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Jan2026
      vid: 52
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      pub: American Psychological Association
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        190939442
        10.1037/xlm0001451
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        atl: Less Is More: Local Focus in Continuous Time Causal Learning.
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          Btesh, Victor
          Bramley, Neil R.
          Speekenbrink, Maarten
          Lagnado, David A.
        affil:
          Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London
          Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh
      keyword:
        active learning
        Bayesian inference
        causal reasoning
        continuous time
        domain-specific priors
        active learning
        Bayesian inference
        causal reasoning
        continuous time
        domain-specific priors
      ab: In this study, we investigated human causal learning in a continuous time and space setting. We find participants to be capable active causal structure learners, and with the help of computational modeling explore how they mitigate the complexity of continuous dynamics data to achieve this. We propose that participants combine systematic interventions with a narrowed focus on causal dynamics that occur during and directly downstream of their interventions. This task decomposition approach achieves comparable accuracy to attending to all the dynamics, while discarding almost half of the data. We argue this strategy makes sense from a resource rationality perspective: Ignoring dynamics outside of interventions saves computational cost while the interventions naturally decompose the global learning problem into a series of more manageable subproblems. We also find that when the causal relata are given real-world labels, participants will use their domain-specific priors to guide their structure inferences. In particular, individuals with accurate prior expectations were less likely to make the common local computations error of mistaking an indirect for a direct relationship. Overall, our experiments reinforce the idea that humans are frugal and intuitive active learners who combine actions and inference to optimize learning while minimizing effort.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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