Artificial intelligence in nursing education: A scoping review of intelligent tutoring systems-evidence and implementation gaps.

The concept of ITSs is widely implemented across educational settings, but their adoption in nursing education remains poorly understood. To investigate the current state of evidence on ITS in nursing education, identify research gaps and provide recommendations for future research and practice. A s...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nurse Education Today Vol. 162
Main Authors: Dicheva, Nevena K., Rehman, Ikram Ur, Husamaldin, Laden, Aleshaiker, Sama
Format: research systematic review Journal Article
Published: Elsevier B.V. Jul2026
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=192926942&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ccm
    uiTerm: 192926942
    longDbName: CINAHL Complete
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    dissinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        02606917
        8IS
      jtl: Nurse Education Today
      issn: 02606917
      maglogo: N
    pubinfo:
      dt: Jul2026
      vid: 162
      pid: 467
      pub: Elsevier B.V.
      place: New York, New York
    artinfo:
      ui:
        192926942
        192926942
        192926942
        10.1016/j.nedt.2026.107056
        192926942
      ppct: 1
      formats:
      tig:
        atl: Artificial intelligence in nursing education: A scoping review of intelligent tutoring systems-evidence and implementation gaps.
      aug:
        au:
          Dicheva, Nevena K.
          Rehman, Ikram Ur
          Husamaldin, Laden
          Aleshaiker, Sama
        affil: School of Computing and Engineering, University of West London, London, UK
      sug:
        subj:
          Artificial Intelligence
          Computer-Assisted Instruction
          Intelligent Systems
          Education, Nursing
          Human
          Scoping Review
          PubMed
          Medline
          ERIC Database
          Gray Literature
          Descriptive Statistics
          Conceptual Framework
          Integrated Curriculum
          Implementation Science
      ab: The concept of ITSs is widely implemented across educational settings, but their adoption in nursing education remains poorly understood. To investigate the current state of evidence on ITS in nursing education, identify research gaps and provide recommendations for future research and practice. A scoping review based on the JBI methodology framework. A systematic literature search was initiated (between June and October 2025) across several databases (IEEE Xplore, PubMed, MEDLINE, ERIC, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar). Grey literature sources and websites of key organisations (e.g., NMC, NICE, IHI, NHS) were also searched. There were no date restrictions, but only articles in English were considered. The screening and selection process was based on the extended PRISMA-ScR framework. Initially, 881 records were retrieved, but 9 studies were included in our scoping review and analysed. Our results indicate that research on ITS in nursing remains limited, with most studies presenting incomplete ITS architectures that focus primarily on domain models or standalone concepts. Among the 9 studies, there is limited evidence suggesting considerations of user-needs evaluation, theoretical frameworks, empirical validation, or curricular integration. Evidence on ITS in nursing education is limited and inconsistent. Our results led to recommendations for future research and practice, including developing a grounded theory of user perspectives, conducting rigorous empirical evaluations, designing and testing comprehensive ITS architectures aligned with nursing education philosophies, and promoting inclusivity by involving underrepresented populations and low-resource settings. • The first review on Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) in nursing education • Conducted using JBI methodology with screening reported according to PRISMA-ScR • Only 9 studies were eligible for inclusion and analysed • The concept of ITS remains poorly investigated and inconsistent • Future research should prioritise grounded theory, complete ITS design, curricular integration in diverse settings.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        systematic review
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
    refInfo:
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N