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Optimality Versus Politics: The Tragedy of the Commons and Mitigating Institutions in COVID-19 Policies.

This article examines the co-production of Non-Medical Interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic as the Tragedy of the Commons among political incumbents in multi-level governance systems. We argue that when policy leadership has political costs, a second-order prisoner's dilemma arises, leading in...

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Published in:Publius: The Journal of Federalism Vol. 56; no. 2; pp. 475 - 504
Main Authors: Bayrali, Onsel Gurel, Shvetsova, Olga
Format: Article
Published: Oxford University Press / USA Spring2026
Subjects:
Public health
COVID-19 pandemic
Prisoner's dilemma game
Policy sciences
Public goods
Multi-level governance (Theory)
Institutional environment
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost