Inhibitory Control Training Improves Cold but Not Warm Cognition in Typically Developing Preschoolers.

Inhibitory control, as a fundamental executive function, has been found to be associated with a range of cognitive processes. In this study, our objective was to enhance inhibitory control through a targeted training program and assess its impact on attention, executive function, delay discounting a...

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Published in:Child Psychiatry & Human Development Vol. 57; no. 3; pp. 846 - 858
Main Authors: Nejati, Vahid, Ghotbi, Ladan, Raskin, Sarah
Format: Article
Published: Springer Nature Jun2026
Subjects:
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: Jun2026
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      pub: Springer Nature
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        10.1007/s10578-024-01743-w
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        atl: Inhibitory Control Training Improves Cold but Not Warm Cognition in Typically Developing Preschoolers.
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          Nejati, Vahid
          Ghotbi, Ladan
          Raskin, Sarah
        affil:
          https://ror.org/0091vmj44 Department of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Po Box: 1983969411, Tehran, Iran
          https://ror.org/049emcs32 School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
          https://ror.org/03j3dbz94 Department of Psychology, Trinity College, Hartford, CT, USA
      su:
        Executive function
        Attention
        Decision making
        Control (Psychology)
        Cognitive training
        Response inhibition
        Delay discounting (Psychology)
        Kindergarten children
      sug:
        subj:
          Executive function
          Attention
          Decision making
          Control (Psychology)
          Cognitive training
          Response inhibition
          Delay discounting (Psychology)
          Kindergarten children
      keyword:
        Executive functions
        Inhibitory control training
        Preschooler
        Psychology and Cognitive Sciences Psychology
        Executive functions
        Inhibitory control training
        Preschooler
        Psychology and Cognitive Sciences Psychology
      ab: Inhibitory control, as a fundamental executive function, has been found to be associated with a range of cognitive processes. In this study, our objective was to enhance inhibitory control through a targeted training program and assess its impact on attention, executive function, delay discounting and risky decision making. Thirty-two typically-developing children (age mean 6.89 ± 0.32 years) were recruited in a random clinical trial design in two equal intervention and active control groups. Go/No-Go, Flanker, continuous performance, delay discounting, and balloon analogue risk tasks were used for assessment in three baseline, post- intervention, and 3-months follow-up sessions. The intervention group received the program for attentive rehabilitation of inhibition and selective attention (PARISA) and the active control group participated in a story telling class, both in 12 sessions. The results of the study indicate significant improvements in sustained attention, interference control, and prepotent inhibition among participants in the intervention group. However, there were no significant changes observed in delay discounting and risky decision making. These findings suggest that the inhibitory control training primarily enhances aspects of cold cognition and attentional processes. However, the observed improvements did not extend to reward processing or warm cognition.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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