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THINKING WITHOUT A SUBJECT: THE CARTESIAN--TURING LINEAGE AND THE ONTOLOGY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.

This paper argues an ontological misunderstanding concerning artificial intelligence and posits communication as a mark of human identity. This is grounded in certain problematic claims throughout history that have contributed to the current understanding of AI. The confusion comes from the two-fold...

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Published in:Philosophia: International Journal of Philosophy Vol. 27; no. 3; pp. 543 - 562
Main Authors: Pada, Roland Theuas D. S., Rennesland, Anton Heinrich L.
Format: Article
Published: Philippine National Philosophical Research Society Jun2026
Subjects:
Artificial intelligence
Ontology
Intentionality (Philosophy)
Two-way communication
Cartesianism (Philosophy)
Turing test
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: Jun2026
      vid: 27
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      pub: Philippine National Philosophical Research Society
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        atl: THINKING WITHOUT A SUBJECT: THE CARTESIAN--TURING LINEAGE AND THE ONTOLOGY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.
      aug:
        au:
          Pada, Roland Theuas D. S.
          Rennesland, Anton Heinrich L.
        affil: University of Santo Tomas, Philippines
      su:
        Artificial intelligence
        Ontology
        Intentionality (Philosophy)
        Two-way communication
        Cartesianism (Philosophy)
        Turing test
      sug:
        subj:
          Artificial intelligence
          Ontology
          Intentionality (Philosophy)
          Two-way communication
          Cartesianism (Philosophy)
          Turing test
      keyword:
        AI
        Artificial Communication
        CTH
        Intentionality
      ab: This paper argues an ontological misunderstanding concerning artificial intelligence and posits communication as a mark of human identity. This is grounded in certain problematic claims throughout history that have contributed to the current understanding of AI. The confusion comes from the two-fold understanding of 'intelligence--the first from the problematic accretion of Turing's conception of AI as an observation of behavior, while the second from the operational understanding of 'intelligence.' This paper traces the origin of this misconception to the Cartesian dichotomy of body and cogito, as articulated in Gilbert Ryle's The Concept of Mind. We argue that the Cartesian error is similar to Turing's claim that deception is the ground for the perception of thinking. This paper then proceeds to consider Elena Esposito's idea of AI as artificial communication, further presenting the misunderstanding of intelligence in AI. The paper then ends with the claim that an obvious difference between AI and humans is intentionality.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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          year: 2026
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