| Sumario: | The purpose of the study was to explore relationships between individualistic/collectivistic cultural orientations and attitudes toward people with developmental disabilities (PWDD). Two studies were conducted each with 242 Chinese students in China and 174 American students in the U.S., respectively. The Individualism-Collectivism Scale (Triandis, 1995), the Mental Retardation Attitude Inventory-Revised (Antonak & Harth, 1994), and a demographic questionnaire were used to collect data. Results of Study I with Chinese students indicated that the horizontal individualistic cultural orientation and the horizontal collectivistic cultural orientation were related to attitudes toward PWDD when controlling the influences of previous contact with and knowledge of PWDD. Results of Study 2 with American students revealed that the horizontal collectivistic cultural orientation was correlated with attitudes toward PWDD after the influences of gender, previous contact with PWDD, and knowledge of PWDD were controlled. Implications of the findings are discussed in the contexts of socioeconomic environments in the two countries. Reprinted by permission of the publisher.
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