| Sumario: | The writers examine racial and gender inequality in employment and retirement using a national sample of persons who received Social Security Old Age benefits in 1980-81. They reveal the degree of racial and gender inequality in previous employment income and in current retirement income from Social Security, pensions, and asset earnings. They draw on human capital, occupational status, industrial sector, and class measures in ordinary least squares regression models to anticipate employment and each type of retirement income for white males, white females, black males, and black females. Paying particular attention to how self-employment and marital status interact with race and gender in predicting income, they outline how the redistributive effects of Social Security, pension, and assets add to the enduring racial gap in employment income and possibly to the declining gender gap.
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