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The role of encapsulated knowledge in clinical case representations of medical students and family doctors.

Previous studies on the development of medical expertise, predominantly using measures of free recall and pathophysiological explanations, have shown ambiguous results concerning the relationship between expertise level and encapsulated knowledge.To investigate differences in clinical case represent...

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Published in:Medical Education Vol. 38; no. 10; pp. 1035 - 1044
Main Authors: Rikers RM, Loyens SM, Schmidt HG
Format: Journal Article
Published: Wiley-Blackwell Oct2004
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      pub: Wiley-Blackwell
      place: Malden, Massachusetts
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        atl: The role of encapsulated knowledge in clinical case representations of medical students and family doctors.
      aug:
        au:
          Rikers RM
          Loyens SM
          Schmidt HG
      sug:
        subj:
          Clinical Competence Standards
          Diagnosis Standards
          Education, Medical
          Decision Making, Computer Assisted
          Education, Medical Standards
          Internal Medicine Standards
          Memory
          Netherlands
          Patient History Taking
          Physicians, Family Standards
          Students, Medical
      ab: Previous studies on the development of medical expertise, predominantly using measures of free recall and pathophysiological explanations, have shown ambiguous results concerning the relationship between expertise level and encapsulated knowledge.To investigate differences in clinical case representations by medical students and family doctors. In particular, the role of encapsulated knowledge in clinical case representations was investigated.Year 2 (n = 15) and Year 4 (n = 15) medical students and family doctors (n = 15) were instructed to study carefully 2 case descriptions associated with a particular disease. After each case description participants were asked to provide a diagnosis. Subsequently, they judged whether or not a target item presented on a computer screen was related to the case description. Target items consisted of literally stated signs and symptoms, inferred encapsulated items and filler items.Family doctors provided more accurate diagnoses than Year 2 and Year 4 medical students. Furthermore, family doctors were faster and made fewer errors in judging the relatedness of all item types than Year 2 and 4 medical students. In particular, family doctors showed their best performance on the encapsulated items.The present study showed that encapsulated knowledge becomes increasingly more prominent as expertise develops. For experienced doctors, encapsulated concepts function as the most important building blocks of clinical case representations.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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