Responding and Learning by Exclusion in 2-Year-Olds: The Case of Adjectives.
Responding by exclusion, usually investigated using a baseline of auditory-visual conditional discriminations for which auditory samples are names, is a robust phenomenon; however, it lacks generality to other lexical word classes. This study had two purposes: (1) to assess the generality of learnin...
| Publicado en: | Psychological Record Vol. 67; no. 3; pp. 293 - 315 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
| Publicado: |
Springer Nature
Sep2017
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=124561876&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 124561876 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 00332933 PSD jtl: Psychological Record issn: 00332933 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Sep2017 vid: 67 iid: 3 pid: 237 pub: Springer Nature artinfo: ui: 124561876 10.1007/s40732-016-0213-0 ppf: 293 ppct: 22 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P size: 1.5MB tig: atl: Responding and Learning by Exclusion in 2-Year-Olds: The Case of Adjectives. aug: au: Ribeiro, Thais Gallano, Tamiris Souza, Debora de Souza, Deisy affil: Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia sobre Comportamento, Cognição e Ensino (INCT-ECCE) , Universidade Federal de São Carlos , Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235 São Carlos Brazil 13.561-381 su: Emotions Facial expression Lexicology Adjectives Lexical grammar sug: subj: Emotions Facial expression Lexicology Adjectives Lexical grammar keyword: Exclusion responding Learning by exclusion Young children Exclusion responding Learning by exclusion Young children ab: Responding by exclusion, usually investigated using a baseline of auditory-visual conditional discriminations for which auditory samples are names, is a robust phenomenon; however, it lacks generality to other lexical word classes. This study had two purposes: (1) to assess the generality of learning by exclusion to word-object property relations, and (2) to evaluate the effect of additive exclusion trials on learning outcomes. Children (aged 24 to 29 months) were taught auditory-visual baselines for three object name-object relations (Noun condition) and/or three adjective (emotion) names-facial expressions relations (Adjective condition). Each baseline and its associated tests were presented sequentially; the order was counterbalanced across participants. After baseline performance met criterion, exclusion, control, and learning outcome trials in extinction were intermixed with reinforced baseline trials, and followed by additive reinforced exclusion trials and learning outcome tests. More trials to criterion were required to establish the Adjective baseline, but the exclusion and learning outcome results of both conditions were comparable, suggesting that responding and learning by exclusion have generality across stimulus (lexical) types. Additive exclusion trials increased learning outcomes, especially for one type of learning probe. The necessary and sufficient tests to determine learning outcomes of exclusion responding still deserve discussion and investigation. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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