The effect of the macronutrient composition of breakfast on satiety and cognitive function in undergraduate students.
Purpose: It is believed that breakfast is an important meal due to its effect on appetite control and cognitive performance, yet little evidence exists to support this hypothesis. Methods: Using a crossover design, 33 healthy undergraduates (aged 22 ± 2 years with a BMI of 23.5 ± 1.7 kg/m) were rand...
| Publicado en: | European Journal of Nutrition Vol. 56; no. 6; pp. 2139 - 2151 |
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| Autores principales: | , , |
| Formato: | research tables/charts randomized controlled trial Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Springer Nature
Sep2017
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=124912192&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 124912192 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 14366207 CR0 jtl: European Journal of Nutrition issn: 14366207 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Sep2017 vid: 56 iid: 6 pid: 237 pub: Springer Nature place: New York, New York artinfo: ui: 124912192 124912192 124912192 10.1007/s00394-016-1254-5 124912192 ppf: 2139 ppct: 12 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P tig: atl: The effect of the macronutrient composition of breakfast on satiety and cognitive function in undergraduate students. aug: au: Emilien, Christine West, Robert Hollis, James affil: Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition , Iowa State University , 220 MacKay Hall Ames 50011 USA sug: subj: Breakfast Food Intake Macronutrients Appetite Cognition Human Randomized Controlled Trials Random Assignment Intervention Trials Crossover Design Students, College Dietary Proteins Administration and Dosage Dietary Carbohydrates Administration and Dosage Questionnaires Lunch Diet Records P-Value Energy Intake Evaluation Blood Glucose Analysis Insulin Blood Affect Evaluation Young Adult Descriptive Statistics ab: Purpose: It is believed that breakfast is an important meal due to its effect on appetite control and cognitive performance, yet little evidence exists to support this hypothesis. Methods: Using a crossover design, 33 healthy undergraduates (aged 22 ± 2 years with a BMI of 23.5 ± 1.7 kg/m) were randomized one of four breakfast treatments: no breakfast, a low-protein breakfast containing no animal protein, a high-carbohydrate/low-protein breakfast containing animal protein or a low-carbohydrate/high-protein breakfast. After an overnight fast, participants reported to the laboratory and baseline appetite questionnaires and cognitive tests were completed. A baseline blood sample was also collected. These measures were repeated at regular intervals throughout the test session. An ad libitum lunch meal was provided 240 min after breakfast, and the amount eaten recorded. Diet diaries and hourly appetite questionnaires were completed for the rest of the day. Results: The no-breakfast treatment had a marked effect on appetite before lunch ( p < .05). Moreover, participants consumed more energy at lunch following the no-breakfast treatment ( p < .05). There was no difference in appetite before lunch or food intake at lunch following any treatment when breakfast was eaten. However, food intake over the entire test day was lowest for the no-breakfast treatment ( p < .05). Plasma glucose and insulin were lower following the high-protein/low-carbohydrate treatment compared to the low-protein/high-carbohydrate-no animal protein treatment ( p < .05). Participants were less happy when they missed breakfast ( p < .05), but there were no other statistically significant effects of breakfast on mood or cognitive performance. Conclusions: These results suggest that changing the macronutrient content of breakfast influences the glycemic response, but has no effect on the appetitive or cognitive performance measures used in this present study. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts randomized controlled trial Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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