Cognitive Skills and Academic Performance in Children With Minimal to Mild Conductive Hearing Loss: The Roles of Listening Effort and Subjective Fatigue.

Purpose: This study examined how cognitive skills (nonverbal intelligence, verbal working memory, and attention) influence academic performance in children with minimal to mild conductive hearing loss (mCHL) and whether this relationship is moderated by subjective fatigue and listening effort. We al...

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Publicado en:American Journal of Audiology Vol. 35; no. 1; pp. 104 - 118
Autores principales: Jain, Saransh, M. S., Vasantha Lakshmi, S., Sanjana Singh, H. S., Harshan Kumar, Jain, Chandni
Formato: research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Mar2026
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      jtl: American Journal of Audiology
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      dt: Mar2026
      vid: 35
      iid: 1
      pid: 42
      pub: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
      place: Rockville, Maryland
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        192148333
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        10.1044/2025_AJA-25-00196
        192148333
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        atl: Cognitive Skills and Academic Performance in Children With Minimal to Mild Conductive Hearing Loss: The Roles of Listening Effort and Subjective Fatigue.
      aug:
        au:
          Jain, Saransh
          M. S., Vasantha Lakshmi
          S., Sanjana Singh
          H. S., Harshan Kumar
          Jain, Chandni
        affil: Department of Prevention of Communication Disorders, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, University of Mysore
      sug:
        subj:
          Cognition In Infancy and Childhood
          Executive Function In Infancy and Childhood
          Academic Performance In Infancy and Childhood
          Hearing Loss, Conductive In Infancy and Childhood
          Listening Effort Evaluation
          Fatigue
          Human
          Male
          Female
          Child
          Cross Sectional Studies
          Correlational Studies
          Hearing Screening
          Cognition Evaluation
          Task Performance and Analysis
          Teachers
          Multiple Linear Regression
          Interaction (Research)
          Comparative Studies
          Scales
          Descriptive Statistics
          Analysis of Variance
          Fisher's Exact Test
          Child: 6-12 years
          Male
          Female
      ab: Purpose: This study examined how cognitive skills (nonverbal intelligence, verbal working memory, and attention) influence academic performance in children with minimal to mild conductive hearing loss (mCHL) and whether this relationship is moderated by subjective fatigue and listening effort. We also compared these effects with age- and sex-matched children with normal hearing sensitivity (NHS). Method: A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted on 130 children with mCHL and 130 children with NHS (aged 10-12 years). Audiological testing, cognitive assessments (Seguin form board test, digit span, operation span, and dichotic digit tests), and subjective fatigue ratings (visual analog scale) were collected. Listening effort was measured using a dual-task paradigm that involved speech-in-noise and digit-reversal tasks. Teachers rated academic performance using the Academic Performance Rating Scale and supported by recent academic marks. Multiple linear regression and moderation analyses were performed. Results: Children with mCHL exhibited significantly higher listening effort, greater subjective fatigue, lower cognitive scores, and poorer academic performance than their peers with NHS did. Moderation analysis revealed that subjective fatigue significantly weakened the positive relationship between cognition and academic performance in children with mCHL but not in children with NHS. A z test confirmed that the moderating effect was significantly stronger in the mCHL group. Conclusions: These findings suggest that subjective fatigue plays a critical role in modulating the effects of cognition on academic success in children with mCHL. Interventions addressing listening efforts and fatigue management are suggested for improving educational outcomes in this population. Supplemental Material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.31057807
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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