Characterization of Rice Flour Quality using Artificial Neural Network – Genetic Algorithm for Production of Zhero: an Ethnic Himalayan Snack Product.

Zhero is an indigenous popular snack product of Bhutia and Tamang tribe of Sikkim, India. The present study focusses on standardizing its process operations such as soaking and grinding for production of uniform quality rice flour to be used as raw material in Zhero preparation for commercial proces...

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Publicado en:Current Research in Nutrition & Food Science Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 407 - 422
Autores principales: APEKSHA, JENA, SUJATA, KUMAR, SITESH
Formato: equations & formulas research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Current Research in Nutrition & Food Science Apr2026
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Apr2026
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      pub: Current Research in Nutrition & Food Science
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        10.12944/CRNFSJ.14.1.28
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        atl: Characterization of Rice Flour Quality using Artificial Neural Network – Genetic Algorithm for Production of Zhero: an Ethnic Himalayan Snack Product.
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          APEKSHA
          JENA, SUJATA
          KUMAR, SITESH
        affil: Department of Processing and Food Engineering, Central Agricultural University, Ranipool, India.
      sug:
        subj:
          Snacks
          Food Handling
          Rice Analysis
          Food Quality Evaluation
          Neural Networks (Computer)
          Algorithms Evaluation
          Human
          India
          Temperature
          Time
          Particle Size
          Cooking
          Physiochemical Phenomena
          Data Analysis Software
          Regression
          Validity
      ab: Zhero is an indigenous popular snack product of Bhutia and Tamang tribe of Sikkim, India. The present study focusses on standardizing its process operations such as soaking and grinding for production of uniform quality rice flour to be used as raw material in Zhero preparation for commercial processing. The effects of soaking time, St (4 – 8 h) and temperature, ST (15-25 °C) and grinding time, GT (1 – 2 minutes) on the characteristics of rice flour have been studied.  The process parameters were optimized using a multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA) along with a three-layer feed forward artificial neural network (ANN). The ANN model developed could satisfactorily predict all responses with R value of 0.999 for all training, testing, validation and global sets of data and MSE value 0.01883 for validated dataset. The final optimum conditions (St: ST: GT) were 4.2 h, 18 ℃, and 1 min respectively. The predicted rice flour quality at optimized process conditions were:  23.85 % w b moisture content, 0.543 g/cm³ bulk density, 0.57 g/cm³ tapped density, 28.09° angle of repose, 0.31 mm particle size, Carr’s index 5.055 and HR ratio 1.05. The experimental and ANN-GA model predicted responses had a relative percent error of < 10%, suggesting suitability of the developed model. This study represents a new attempt to conduct appropriate scientific research to determine the consistency of the production process and the quality of the final product, not only to confirm its origin and maintain its culture, but also to improve and standardize its technology for future commercial success.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
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        research
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    language: English
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