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Mapping Pre-service Teachers' Experiences in Integrating Design Thinking and ChatGPT: An Analysis of 21st-Century Learning Tools Development.

Despite growing interest in Design Thinking and artificial intelligence (AI) in education, empirical research examining how pre-service teachers integrate these approaches into instructional design remains limited. Teacher training programs often lack structured guidance for such integration, creati...

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Published in:Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities Vol. 34; no. 3; pp. 1405 - 1423
Main Authors: Yuniawatika, Nusantara, Toto, Subanji, Anwar, Lathiful
Format: Article
Published: Universiti Putra Malaysia Jun2026
Subjects:
Design thinking
ChatGPT
Student teachers
Instructional systems design
Teacher training
Digital literacy
Artificial intelligence in education
Instructional innovations
Indonesia
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